ตาพร่ามัว มองไม่ชัด เกิดจากอะไร (Blurred Vision) - Blurred Vision: Causes and Prevention

视力模糊:常见原因与预防

视力模糊是许多人常见的症状,表现为看东西不清晰或模糊,好像隔着一层雾或纱。它可能影响单眼或双眼,既可能是暂时性的,也可能长期存在。

视力模糊的常见原因

  • 屈光不正

包括近视、远视和散光。当光线无法准确聚焦在黄斑(视网膜中心负责清晰视觉的区域)时,就会出现视力模糊。患者常常需要眯眼才能看清。另一种常见情况是老花眼,通常发生在40岁以上人群,表现为看近处模糊,需要佩戴老花镜。

  • 白内障

当眼睛晶状体逐渐混浊,进入眼内的光线减少,就会导致视力下降。白内障多见于老年人,通常缓慢发展,可能影响单眼或双眼。症状包括视力逐渐模糊、畏光、出现光晕或眩光,以及在弱光环境下视物困难。

  • 干眼症

长时间用眼后,眼睛干涩可能导致视力模糊。常伴随眼部刺激感、发红或异物感。

  • 视网膜疾病
    • 视网膜脱离:视网膜与下方组织分离,常伴随闪光或飞蚊症,随后出现视力模糊。
    • 年龄相关性黄斑变性(AMD):由于细胞废物堆积或异常血管生长,导致中心视力模糊,可能突然或逐渐发生。
    • 糖尿病视网膜病变:糖尿病控制不佳时,视网膜血管渗漏或出血,造成视力模糊。
    • 黄斑前膜:视网膜表面长出薄膜,导致视力模糊和影像变形。
    • 视网膜血管阻塞:可能突然出现部分或全部视野模糊。
  • 青光眼:眼压升高导致视神经受损,导致部分或完全失明。

治疗与预防措施

治疗方式取决于具体原因。一般建议包括:

  • 配戴合适的眼镜或隐形眼镜:定期进行眼科检查,及时调整度数。
  • 白内障手术:通过手术更换人工晶体,可显著改善视力。
  • 定期眼科检查:尤其是糖尿病患者和老年人,早期发现青光眼或视网膜疾病。
  • 整体健康管理:控制血压和血糖,避免吸烟,这些都是眼病的危险因素。

何时需要就医?

如果出现以下情况,应立即就诊:

  • 突然视力模糊
  • 伴随眼红、剧烈疼痛
  • 出现闪光或飞蚊症

这些可能提示严重疾病,如视网膜脱离或急性青光眼,需要紧急处理。

湄畔医生提醒

视力模糊可能由眼疲劳、刺激或更严重的疾病引起,常影响阅读、驾驶等日常活动。若出现视力明显变化,应尽快接受专业检查;尤其是突然发生的视力模糊,这是紧急情况,需立即就医。及时诊断与治疗,是维护眼健康的关键。

发布 06 1月 2026

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