How to self-care after hysterectomy?
Women may feel anxious before undergoing a hysterectomy because they fear permanent changes to their bodies or potential negative impacts on their health. However, practicing proper self-care can help ensure a normal life post-hysterectomy with good health.
Why is hysterectomy necessary?
A hysterectomy is a surgical procedure done to remove the uterus. Women will no longer have periods after a hysterectomy and will be unable to conceive. Moreover, hysterectomy is a surgical option for various female reproductive conditions.
- Abnormal uterine bleeding
- Uterine fibroids
- Endometriosis
- Uterine fibrosis
- Uterine prolapse
- Cervical and uterine cancer
A hysterectomy may be appropriate for other conditions based on an OBGYN's judgment. The surgery typically lasts 1-4 hours, varying with the specific disease or pathological factors.
How many types of hysterectomy?
Hysterectomy can be classified into three types as follows:
- Total hysterectomy.
- Partial hysterectomy: This surgery removes the upper portion of the uterus.
- Radical hysterectomy: This surgery removes the uterus, cervix, and the upper part of the vagina. In some, ovaries and fallopian tubes are also removed. This surgery is for treating cervical cancer only.
Recovery time for hysterectomy depends on the type of hysterectomy performed. For example, the recovery time for an abdominal hysterectomy is around 4-6 weeks, while the recovery time for a laparoscopic or minimally invasive hysterectomy is 2-3 weeks only.
Potential side effects
After a hysterectomy, pelvic pain is usual. Following an abdominal hysterectomy, expect abdominal incisional pain. Pain medication and a cold compress may be helpful in the initial 24 hours post-surgery.
Nausea or vomiting may occur as a side effect of general anesthesia. If you are prone to adverse reactions to anesthesia, consult your doctor to help minimize these side effects. The doctor may prescribe medications for nausea/vomiting during the initial days following a hysterectomy.
Other side effects of hysterectomy include spotting, bloating, and gas. If such symptoms are more severe than they should be, You should seek immediate medical attention.
Potential long-term side effects
Many are concerned about hormonal fluctuations after a hysterectomy. In truth, hormonal changes do not happen as the ovaries remain intact with this procedure. However, if the ovaries are removed, menopausal symptoms such as hot flashes, night sweats, and weight gain may arise. The doctor may prescribe medications to alleviate these symptoms and reduce the risk of osteoporosis.
Some individuals may notice changes in vaginal discharge after a partial upper hysterectomy. Removal of the cervix results in loss of cervical mucus. When the ovaries are removed, a notable reduction in vaginal discharge and dryness may occur. The doctor may recommend topical vaginal estrogen cream to restore vaginal moisture.
Another long-term side effect of hysterectomy is emotional changes, which vary from person to person. Some individuals may experience grief because they can no longer have a pregnancy or conceive a child, while others may feel relieved because the procedure can address their health problem, halt menstruation, and eliminate the need for birth control. If negative emotions or severe mood swings arise, it is advisable to consult a specialist physician.
How long after hysterectomy could one resume sexual activity?
One should wait at least six weeks after a hysterectomy before resuming sexual activity. While most individuals do not experience any abnormalities or changes in sexual intercourse after the surgery, a minority may encounter pain during deep penetration. The issue can be relieved by engaging in sexual activity within appropriate limits.
Self-care after hysterectomy
After understanding the changes and symptoms that result from a hysterectomy, knowing self-care techniques and how to address those changes and symptoms can help you continue your daily life smoothly and normally. Here are some tips on self-care after a hysterectomy:
- Gradually return to your work or daily activities. Some may need two weeks, while others might require more time for recovery. Remember not to hurry.
- Avoid engaging in strenuous activities initially. If household chores are unavoidable, tackle them gradually with minimal force.
- You can start with low-intensity exercises such as walking, then advance to higher-intensity activities once you feel ready and have clearance from your doctor.
- Adjust your sitting position frequently and avoid staying in one position too long.
After a hysterectomy when to see a doctor?
As mentioned earlier, patients may experience post-hysterectomy side effects like pain, light vaginal bleeding, nausea, vomiting, bloating, and constipation. On average, it takes about six weeks to recover from a hysterectomy without severe complications. If any of the following symptoms develop, seeking help from medical professionals is recommended.
- A fever of 37.8 degrees Celsius or higher
- Bleeding at the incision site
- Heavy vaginal discharge or bleeding
- Severe pain that persists after taking prescribed medication
Should other worrying symptoms develop or cause unease after a hysterectomy, do not hesitate to go to the hospital or see your doctor.