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Bell’s palsy
Bell's palsy is a neurological condition characterized by weakness of the facial muscles on one side, resulting in a drooping mouth and the inability to close eye on the same side tightly. It is due to inflammation in the facial nerve responsible for controlling the facial muscles. The exact cause of Bell's palsy is unknown but believed to be triggered by certain viral infections. It can affect individuals of any gender and age, with increased risk in diabetic individuals and pregnant women.
Most patients have improvement and complete recovery, but some may continue to have residual symptoms for the rest of their lives.
Symptoms
Symptoms of the disease include rapid onset of facial weakness on one side, which may occur within hours or days. Common symptoms include:
- Sagging of the eyebrows.
- Drooping of the corner of the mouth, drooling from one side of the mouth.
- Inability to close one eye properly.
- Other accompanying symptoms may include hypersensitivity to sound, loss of taste, and earache.
When should you see a doctor?
Seek medical attention right away if you experience the abovementioned symptoms. The doctor will evaluate your condition to determine whether it is Bell's palsy or other causes, such as a stroke. Begin treatment promptly within the first three days typically leads to better outcomes.
Treatment
Bell's palsy can improve and resolve on its own. However, treatment can help speed up the recovery process. Treatment involves taking medication and caring for the eyes.
- Medication: Steroids are a type of anti-inflammatory drug. In some severe cases, the doctor may also prescribe antiviral medication.
- Eye care is crucial, especially if the patients have difficulty closing their eyes. The doctor may recommend wearing glasses during the day and using an eye patch at night. Additionally, using artificial tears or eye ointment can keep the eye moist.
Treatment outcome
- Most patients begin to see improvement within three weeks, but it may take up to six months to fully recover. Some patients may not completely recover and continue to have residual symptoms permanently.
Article by
Asst.Prof.Dr Monton Wongwandee
A doctor specializing in neurology
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